The Calcio Storico – historic soccer – was a popular sport in Renaissance Florence. Originating from the ancient harpastum, a ball game played in the Roman Empire, Calcio Storico was played in teams of 27, more than double compared to modern-day soccer.

At the time, teams featured members of aristocratic families. The official rules of calcio were published for the first time in 1580 by Giovanni de' Bardi, a Florentine count. Unlike soccer, players are allowed to use both hands and feet to pass and control the ball. The match is played for 50 minutes without interruption even when players are injured and taken out of the field. No substitutions are permitted. 

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Source: http://www.italymagazine.com/