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Happy birthday USA: Unsung Italian heroes. Florence Scala (Chicago, Illinois)

Buon Compleanno USA: Unsung Italian heroes. Florence Scala (Chicago, Illinois)

Author: Ron Onesti

In 2026, We the Italians celebrates “Two Anniversaries, One Heart” – the 250th anniversary of the United States and the 80th anniversary of the Italian Republic. This article is part of the “Happy Birthday USA: Unsung Italian Heroes” project, in which we share how, in every corner of the United States, an Italian has made a positive impact on their local community.

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A little lady, a strong will and Chicago’s Little Italy

As city neighborhoods are developed and re-developed, and as generations of pioneer families move to the suburbs, few community leaders are remembered over time. Especially those who made their arguably greatest impact more than sixty years ago. In Chicago, one of the most notable exceptions to the rule was Florence Scala.

Florence was considered a boisterous combination of Joan of Arc and Mother Frances Cabrini. A local warrior of slight build with a huge heart and fearless demeanor focused on the preservation of more than a simple Chicago neighborhood.

Italian immigration in Chicago began in the 1850s. Most settled outside of the main downtown district where Italian workers began to build and re-build Chicago, especially after the famed fire of 1871 that destroyed much of the area. Treated as low-class, uneducated immigrants, the terrible conditions did not hinder their ability to establish their families and thrive as hard-working citizens.

Florence Catherine Giovangelo was born in Chicago in 1918. Her parents joined the many other Italian families who found their way to Chicago and settled on Taylor Street, the center of Italian commerce at the time. For forty years Florence was active in trying to develop the area from what was referred to as “The Italian Slums.”

The Mayor at the time, Richard J. Daley was on a mission to create a local university affordable to his constituents. Federal assistance towards a creation of an expressway system was inevitable and the promise of an expansion of the Illinois Medical District was lurking.

Florence and her husband “Chick” Scala worked tirelessly to block these developments as the city deemed the “Little Italy” area as the location for these initiatives. She and forty-nine other female activists held a “sit-in” at the mayor’s office until he took an appointment with her. He dismissed her brave presentation, brave because the voice of a woman at the time would usually fall on deaf ears. Nonetheless, she was unscathed by the disrespect and fought on.

She fearlessly fought hard taking the matter to the Supreme Court. The judge ruled that the benefit to the community outweighed the “collateral damage” that would occur at its expense. Her home also fell victim to two bomb blasts set to scare her off, but she braved the storm in a sea of defiance. That’s what I mean by “fearless!”

More than 3000 families were displaced, 600 business closed and 500 buildings were razed. The Illinois Medical District greatly expanded, the University of Chicago Circle Campus was built, and the Eisenhower and Dan Ryan Expressways were constructed.

Her home at 1030 West Taylor Street was just outside of the re-development area, so she spent her entire life there. She would run unsuccessfully twice for a seat on Chicago’s City Council. Florence cleared the first floor of her building and would open the popular Florence Restaurant serving homemade Italian specialties she learned from her mother as a little girl.

Florence passed away in 2007. She spent her life defending her neighborhood. She fought ethnic stereotypes, gender discrimination and the highest form of “bullying.” The area is now home to many ethnic groups, but the original “Little Italy” she so loved still stands strong.

In October of 2026, the “Florence Scala Chicago Italian American Museum” is set to open on Taylor Street, just four blocks from her home. The facility will house the famed Christopher Columbus Statue that was unceremoniously removed from its original Taylor Street area home at Arrigo Park located just a few blocks away.

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