The term sgraffito, from the Italian word graffiare — meaning “to scratch” — refers to a type of ornamental plasterwork achieved by applying layers of tinted cement over a contrasting color.
Before the stucco-like material sets, an artist uses a pointed element to carve detailed outlines, geometric designs, frieze motifs and other embellishments into a building façade, lending it depth and texture, while creating a strong contrast between light and dark (commonly referred to as chiaroscuro).