Fibonacci (fi – son – of Bonacci), born as Leonardo of Pisa in 1175, was a mathematician whose contributions laid the groundwork for modern mathematics and forever changed the way numbers were understood and used in Europe. As the son of a merchant, he grew up in a world of commerce and travel: his father’s work in Bugia (modern-day Béjaïa, Algeria...

XXXV plus L equals LXXXV, 85. For more than 1,000 years, Romans did their math with these numerals, and school children across America were taught this fun way of writing numbers known as Roman Numerals. But, for the Romans, computing large sums as commerce increased and trade extended throughout the world, became cumbersome. When Marco Polo brough...